Chronic uterine pain syndrome is also known as varicose veins of the pelvic organs or varicose veins in the uterus. This disease is more common in women of childbearing age, is difficult to diagnose and can be nearly asymptomatic, but you should know the signs to avoid misdiagnosis of female diseases.
What are varicose veins of the uterus?
Varicose veins are blood congestion in the veins, which has led to the loss of their elasticity due to hormonal changes or genetic predisposition. The vessels of the lower extremities and pelvic organs are most often susceptible to disease. Varicose veins of the small pelvis are more dangerous than the manifestation of a similar disease on the legs as it cannot be determined visually, and infertility, inflammation of the ovaries, uterus and vagina can become a consequence of internal varicose veins.
Causes of varicose veins in the small pelvis
There are several theories on the appearance of this pathology in women of childbearing age. Pregnancy is considered the main trigger for varicose veins of the uterus. conditions for the progression of the disease appear:
- an increase in the concentration of progesterone in the blood, which relaxes the walls of blood vessels;
- an increase in the load on the pelvic organs (OMT), a violation of their normal blood supply;
- reverse blood flow through the ovarian vein;
- chronic inflammatory processes of the uterus, appendages;
- artificial termination of pregnancy.
Not all pregnant women are at this risk. this disease is genetically determined. Before planning a pregnancy, it is imperative to undergo a serious examination to rule out health risks and possible complications during childbirth. Varicose veins of the uterus are detected by ultrasound diagnostics and confirmation of the diagnosis by transuterine phlebography, ovaricography.
Symptoms of varicose veins
The disease can mainly be identified by two symptoms:
- chronic pain in the lower abdomen, aggravated by physical exertion, during intercourse, in the second half of the menstrual cycle and during gestation;
- increased vaginal discharge.
The pain intensifies if a woman leads an inactive and sedentary lifestyle, during the inflammatory processes of the genitourinary system. Often, varicose veins of the uterus are closely associated with sexual dysfunction. Symptoms may be mild or absent, depending on the stage of the disease:
- the first stage - the size of the vein (diameter) up to 5 mm, the tortuous course of the vessels (minor symptoms);
- the second - a vein up to 10 mm, varicose enlargement of the parametric veins of the uterus;
- the third - a diameter of more than 10 mm, a total type of varicose veins.
What is dangerous during pregnancy
If the diagnosis is made before conception, symptoms can worsen during pregnancy due to hormonal changes. Many women wonder why varicose veins are dangerous and how to deal with them during pregnancy? If a woman is under the constant supervision of a doctor and checks her health, the violation of blood flow during pregnancy is not dangerous. In rare cases, varicose veins of the small pelvis can be a reason for prescribing a caesarean section, less often - it can cause placental insufficiency.
Diet for varicose veins
In the treatment, in the prevention of varicose veins of various etiologies, nutrition plays a very important role. Doctors recommend giving up coffee, strong tea and limiting the use of sugar and salt. It will be useful to fill the diet with fresh vegetables, fruits, vegetable oils. Such a diet has a beneficial effect on blood flow, the condition of the walls of blood vessels, prevents the stagnation of fluid in the body, which relieves the load from the veins. It is important for pregnant women to limit the amount of fluids they drink, as hormone levels cause blood to stagnate.
Treatment of varicose veins of the small pelvis
After identifying the signs of varicose veins, after confirming the diagnosis, patients begin to be treated conservatively with the help of drugs and physiotherapy. If treatment does not improve and pain persists, surgery is done. An important question for many is how to treat varicose veins during pregnancy? At this time, a woman must be under the supervision of a supportive care physician and, after giving birth, to undergo intensive treatment.
Taking venotonics
The first thing to treat varicose veins of stage 1-2 of the uterus is venotonic. The phlebologist appoints them after a comprehensive examination. Venotonic drugs are prescribed. Taking pills lasts two to three months under the supervision of a doctor. During this period, the pain of OMT should be significantly reduced, the pain syndrome during menstruation should decrease. It is best to combine such treatment with gymnastics that improve health.
Exercises
Obligatory physical activity involves long walks and unloading exercises that relax the cervix and muscles of the perineum - these are "birch", "bicycle" exercises. Special respiratory therapeutic exercises are also useful, even deep breathing with the inclusion of muscles in the lower abdomen. The use of compression underwear and tights that support the legs, vascular plexuses of the perineum and buttocks is also shown. An additional beneficial effect is provided by a contrast shower.
Surgical treatment of varicose veins
If drug treatment does not help, the pain is not relieved or the third stage of varicose veins of the small pelvis is diagnosed, surgical intervention is provided, the degree of which is selected, taking into account the location of the reverse blood flow:
- ligation of the ovarian vein;
- embolization of the ovarian vein;
- angiography (administration of contrast media);
- open removal of the gonadal veins.
If the patient's varicose veins are observed not only in the pelvic organs, but also on the legs, the Troyanov-Trendelenburg operation is used, which consists in the removal of the great saphenous vein. This method is common in the fight against the third stage of varicose veins of the uterus and total venous dilation. With early diagnosis, it is possible to avoid surgical intervention, stop its development in the early stages. It is necessary to exclude factors that are companions of varicose veins and complications:
- to smoke;
- alcohol;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- self-medication during hormonal changes, gynecological diseases;
- incorrect nutrition.