Varicose veins of the lower extremities – the most common of peripheral arterial disease veins, consisting of a violation of the flow of blood through the venous system. According to the different estimates of the varicose veins suffer from 25% to 40% of women and 10% to 15% of men of working age.
When the varicose disease of the violations occur in the vascular wall and, depending on the form of the disease, they can be within the skin or under the skin, more or less frequent, explicit or barely perceptible. Sometimes, patients with varicose veins are "asterisk" and stroke of a mesh or trophic of the offence (darkening of the skin on the legs, the seal the subcutaneous tissue, and other events).
Risk factors
The main reasons for the development of varicose veins are:
- A hereditary predisposition. The disease can be clearly expressed "family" of character, striking parents on the downlink.
- Pregnancy.
- The excess of weight.
- The work and sports-related severe physical, bodybuilding, strong, muscle tension. Long static state – sedentary or standing work).
- Of hormonal drugs.
- Wearing tight clothes and shoes.
- The disturbances of the digestive system (tendency to constipation).
- Diseases of the liver and gallbladder (hepatitis, stagnation of bile and other).
Complications of varicose veins
The varicose disease causes serious complications are more serious than the disease itself:
Thrombophlebitis. Inflammation of the vein of education in his pit of thrombus (blood clot). A blood clot can cause painful sensations, stop to walk and work. Part of a blood clot or the clot can begin to move on the blood bed of the river, carrying the threat of obstruction of any vessel and life-threatening.
Trigger the development of thrombophlebitis can:
- the lesion of the area of the varicose veins;
- overheating (hammam or sauna);
- dehydration;
- the temperature of the body;
- the alcohol poisoning;
- a long stay in a sitting position (car travel or flight in an aircraft).
Ulcers trophic. Occur in places varicose veins, bleeding and very difficult to heal.
The modification of the composition of the blood and the increase of its viscosity.
Thrombo-embolism. The blockage of the thrombus of one of the arteries in the heart.
The symptoms and diagnosis
An external manifestation of varicose disease is:
- the presence of venous grid on the feet;
- projection of fine veins;
- the swelling of the legs;
- cramps;
- the fatigue and heaviness in the legs by the end of the day;
- the pain in the legs after a heavy physical load;
- the presence of pronounced venous nodes;
- the education of venous ulcers.
The main method of diagnosis of varicose veins – ultra-sided scanning, the vessels of the legs (ULTRASOUND).
Treatment
There are currently two types of treatment of the varicose disease:
- Conservative. A comprehensive approach in the treatment of varicose veins includes:
- the purification of the body;
- the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the liver;
- for the exterior the use of creams and gels, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, improve their elasticity, and removing swelling and fatigue in the legs;
- medicines in the form of capsules;
- girudoterapiya (use of leeches) – one of the most conservative means of treatment of varicose veins and its complications;
- physiotherapy;
- the wearing of compression hosiery.
Of course of treatment for 1 month with breaks of 2-3 months.
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Surgical. Surgically removes the part damaged of the ship. The modern method of treatment – hardening. In the vein injected a special substance, vienna, falls off and on from a sharing of the blood circulation – is broken. Venous reflux is a diversion – by a subsidiary of pathways. For cosmetic purposes can be used in micro-sclerotherapy to spider veins.
Prevention
- Wear only comfortable and wear shoes and clothes that do not compress to not follow the blood vessels.
- Avoid lifting and carrying heavy loads.
- During the sedentary or even the work it is important to do the exercises and interruptions.
- Slow the progression of the disease, you can, if regular wear of compression: special compression stockings, socks, tights, leotards.
- Use elastic bandages, support the veins in a normal state.
- It is useful to do exercises with the legs in the air: lying on the back – "bicycle", "scissors", etc
- For the prevention of varicose veins are useful for walking, swimming, jogging, cycling, the showers on the feet.
- Watch out for the normal work of the intestine. Drink more water and eat sufficient amount of fruits and vegetables (up to 400 g per day).